OBJECTIVE: To illustrate the importance of a careful differential diagnosis in children presenting with torticollis.

CLINICAL FEATURES: A 14-yr-old boy presented with a 6-month history of neck pain, torticollis and increasing neurological deficit. Past physiotherapy and chiropractic treatment had not helped. A myelogram and MRI scan revealed a large intramedullary lesion.

INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME: He was treated by laminectomy with partial excision of the lesion, followed by radiotherapy. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of astrocytoma. The patient developed postlaminectomy instability and required spinal fusion.

CONCLUSION: The differential diagnosis of torticollis in children is extensive and should always include spinal tumor.

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