| Abstract/Notes |
Testosterone is the main sex hormone in men responsible for the development of male sexual characteristics and anabolic function in men. Testosterone plays a crucial role in adult male health including reproductive health, sexual function, stimulation of Sertoli cell function and spermatogenesis, reduction in pain, well-being, cardiovascular function, bone density and health, erythropoiesis, fat metabolism, cognitive function, metabolic activity, lean body mass, muscle growth, and strength. Research has demonstrated a significant decline in testosterone levels in males between the 1970s and early 2000s. Testosterone levels increase during puberty to adulthood where they begin to decline roughly 0.4-3% annually by as soon as 30 years of age, many men turn to ways to increase testosterone levels as they age. Estimates suggest that by 2050, nearly 87 million Americans will suffer from male hypogonadism.
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