| Abstract/Notes |
Objective: The objective of this article is to review and discuss the history of chiropractic vertebral subluxation (CVS) between the years 1949 and 1961.
Discussion: Chiropractic texts from this period include books from 3 of D. D. Palmer’s students, Ratledge, Drain, and B. J. Palmer, and new works by Janse, Illi, Muller, and R. J. Watkins. Theories during this period included developments from B. J. Palmer’s research clinic and his final theories. The period also included the primary theories of Ratledge on etiology of CVS and Drain’s models of spinal curves and CVS patterns. Janse supported Illi’s new models of pelvic subluxation dynamics with cadaver studies and also developed lumbar research with Fox in the
1950s. The qualitative models of Muller on the role of CVS in sympathetic and parasympathetic systems was unique. R. J. Watkins further developed his initial theories on reflex system models as well as his first models of proprioception. Instrumentation was used in many chiropractic research programs to develop additional models.
Conclusion: The CVS theories during this period built on previous models but also added new and innovative
theories based on research and collaboration.
Author keywords: Chiropractic; History
Author affiliation: School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
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