| Abstract/Notes |
Kinematic analysis of vertebral movement can be used for precisely describing changes in vertebral positioning. However, when used with inexact data, the transformation equations are no longer capable of an accurate description of the motion. We have found that the data taken from three-dimensional x-ray studies has error components sufficiently large to invalidate the use of kinematic descriptions for relating changes in vertebral positioning. When the analysis errors exceed 0.1 mm, then the results may have limited significance.
Author keywords: kinematics, spine, chiropractic, radiography, error analysis, screw axis
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